Traditionally, two-dimensional (2D) cell cultures and animals have been used as primary tumor and metastatic cancer drug development models. Although 2D cell culture is relatively easy to perform, it lacks the essential physiopathological cues in the tumor microenvironment and metastatic niche [6, 7]. As such, the inadequacies of traditional 2D models lie in their inability to accurately simulate the complex, interact with appropriate physiopathological conditions or predict the in vivo effectiveness of anticancer compounds [8-10]. On the other hand, animal models for drug testing are labor/time intensive, costly, and most importantly, often yield untranslatable results due to the physiological differences between humans and animal models [11-14]. Therefore, the creation of cost-effective, reliable, and pragmatic in vitro models that can be used for accurately screening anticancer drug effects as well as overcoming the drawbacks of conventional models is of great importance for improving the current clinical management of primary tumor and metastatic cancer [15-18].
In recent years, organ-on-chip platforms, due to their 3D nature and cost-effectiveness, have been developed to model the metastatic cascade within conditioned microenvironments [19-23]. Metastasis- on-a-chip models have been used to study the metastatic cascade and offer a feasible platform for drug testing [24-26]. For instance, a metastasis- on-a-chip was constructed to mimic the migration of metastatic tumors from the intestine to the liver and to allow real-time tracking of cell movement and behavior [27]. However, this study only used hyaluronic acid hydrogel without considering organ-specific ECM in the migration model. In another study, normal breast cells are co-cultured with breast cancer cells to simulate cancer models at mild, moderate, and severe stages, in which cell density is found to be highly correlated with the incidence of metastasis [28]. However, this study used a 2D rather than a 3D model to investigate cancer migration and drug screening. Therefore, the progression of post-metastasis tumor within an organ-specific ECM has not been studied.
4-Hexen-3-one, 5-amino-, (4Z)-
Catalog No.:AG000AEC MDL No.:
MF:C6H11NO MW:113.1576
|
Pyrano[2,3-c]pyrazol-6(1H)-one, 4-methyl-1-phenyl-3-(3-pyridinyl)-
Catalog No.:AG000AEB MDL No.:
MF:C18H13N3O2 MW:303.3147
|
Acetamide, 2-(cyclohexylamino)-N-(cyclohexylphenylmethyl)-
Catalog No.:AG000AEA MDL No.:
MF:C21H32N2O MW:328.4916
|
Benzonitrile, 4-[2-[4-[(8-bromooctyl)oxy]phenyl]diazenyl]-
Catalog No.:AG000AE9 MDL No.:
MF:C21H24BrN3O MW:414.3388
|
9-Hexadecenoic acid, 3-methylbutyl ester, (9Z)-
Catalog No.:AG000AF1 MDL No.:
MF:C21H40O2 MW:324.5411
|
Acetic acid, 2-[[(1-methylethylidene)amino]oxy]-, 2-methoxy-2-oxoethyl ester
Catalog No.:AG000AF0 MDL No.:
MF:C8H13NO5 MW:203.1925
|
1,4-Dioxaspiro[4.5]dec-7-ene, 8-(1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl)-
Catalog No.:AG000AEZ MDL No.:
MF:C15H16O4 MW:260.2851
|
1,2-Propanediol, 3-[(2-methoxyethoxy)methoxy]-, (R)- (9CI)
Catalog No.:AG000AEY MDL No.:
MF:C7H16O5 MW:180.1989
|
Silane, (1,1-dimethylethyl)(2-ethyl-4-iodobutoxy)dimethyl-
Catalog No.:AG000AEX MDL No.:
MF:C12H27IOSi MW:342.3321
|
Cyclopropaneoctanoic acid, 2-(2-hydroxyoctyl)-, methyl ester
Catalog No.:AG000AEW MDL No.:
MF:C20H38O3 MW:326.5139
|
Cyclohexanecarboxylic acid, 4-(1-methylpropyl)-, cis-
Catalog No.:AG000AEV MDL No.:
MF:C11H20O2 MW:184.2753
|
Cyclohexane, 2-butylidene-1,1-dimethyl-, (E)- (9CI)
Catalog No.:AG000AEU MDL No.:
MF:C12H22 MW:166.3031
|
1,2,4-Triazolidine-4-propanoic acid, 3,5-dioxo-, ethyl ester
Catalog No.:AG000AET MDL No.:
MF:C7H11N3O4 MW:201.1799
|
Urea, N-[4-(2-formylhydrazinyl)phenyl]-N'-pentyl-
Catalog No.:AG000AES MDL No.:
MF:C13H20N4O2 MW:264.3235
|
Pyrene, 4-azido-
Catalog No.:AG000AER MDL No.:
MF:C16H9N3 MW:243.2628
|
Benzenesulfonamide, N-[2-[4-(hexadecyloxy)phenyl]-1H-indol-3-yl]-
Catalog No.:AG000AEQ MDL No.:
MF:C36H48N2O3S MW:588.8429
|
2-Oxetanone, 4-cyclohexyl-3-ethyl-, trans- (9CI)
Catalog No.:AG000AEP MDL No.:
MF:C11H18O2 MW:182.2594
|
2-Oxetanone, 4-cyclohexyl-3-methoxy-, trans- (9CI)
Catalog No.:AG000AEO MDL No.:
MF:C10H16O3 MW:184.2322
|
Benzofuran, octahydro-2-[(phenylseleno)methyl]-
Catalog No.:AG000AEN MDL No.:
MF:C15H20OSe MW:295.2787
|
Ethanone, 2-chloro-1-[2,3':4',2''-terthiophen]-5-yl- (9CI)
Catalog No.:AG000AEM MDL No.:
MF:C14H9ClOS3 MW:324.8687
|
2,3':4',2'':5'',3''':4''',2'''':5'''',3''''':4''''',2''''''-Septithiophene (9CI)
Catalog No.:AG000AEL MDL No.:
MF:C28H16S7 MW:576.8816
|
Benzamide, N-([1,1'-biphenyl]-2-ylmethyl)-
Catalog No.:AG000AEK MDL No.:
MF:C20H17NO MW:287.3551
|
2-Propanone, 1-(dimethylamino)-3-phenyl-
Catalog No.:AG000AEJ MDL No.:MFCD12059410
MF:C11H15NO MW:177.2429
|
1-Pyrrolidinecarboxylic acid, 2-[[[(4-chlorophenyl)Methyl]aMino]carbonyl]-, 1,1-diMethylethyl ester, (2R)-
Catalog No.:AG000AEG MDL No.:
MF:C17H23ClN2O3 MW:338.8291
|
1-Pyrrolidinecarboxylic acid, 2-[4-[(4-chlorophenyl)Methyl]-5-Methyl-4H-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl]-, 1,1-diMethylethyl ester, (2R)-
Catalog No.:AG000AEF MDL No.:
MF:C19H25ClN4O2 MW:376.8804
|
4H-1,2,4-Triazole, 4-[(4-chlorophenyl)methyl]-3-methyl-5-(2R)-2-pyrrolidinyl-
Catalog No.:AG000AEE MDL No.:MFCD12924849
MF:C14H17ClN4 MW:276.7646
|
2H-1-Benzopyran-4-amine, 3,4-dihydro-7-(trifluoromethyl)-, (4S)-
Catalog No.:AG000AED MDL No.:MFCD11515448
MF:C10H10F3NO MW:217.1877
|
10-Undecenoic acid, 2-thioxo-1(2H)-pyridinyl ester
Catalog No.:AG000AEI MDL No.:
MF:C16H23NO2S MW:293.4243
|
Benzenepropanoic acid, 2-thioxo-1(2H)-pyridinyl ester
Catalog No.:AG000AEH MDL No.:
MF:C14H13NO2S MW:259.3235
|
Pyridine, 2-[(diphenylmethyl)thio]-
Catalog No.:AG000AFQ MDL No.:
MF:C18H15NS MW:277.3834
|
Thiocyanic acid, 5-nitro-2-furanyl ester
Catalog No.:AG000AFP MDL No.:
MF:C5H2N2O3S MW:170.1460
|
Hexanal, 4-methyl-2-(1-methylethenyl)-5-oxo-
Catalog No.:AG000AFO MDL No.:
MF:C10H16O2 MW:168.2328
|
3,4-Decadiene, 3-methyl-
Catalog No.:AG000AFN MDL No.:
MF:C11H20 MW:152.2765
|
4-Morpholinecarboxylic acid, 2-oxo-, 1,1-dimethylethyl ester
Catalog No.:AG000AF5 MDL No.:MFCD28098563
MF:C9H15NO4 MW:201.2197
|
1-Azetidinecarboxylic acid, 2-oxo-, 1,1-dimethylethyl ester
Catalog No.:AG000AF4 MDL No.:MFCD08751345
MF:C8H13NO3 MW:171.1937
|
1H-Pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine-2-carboxylic acid, 6-chloro-, methyl ester
Catalog No.:AG000AF3 MDL No.:MFCD12025931
MF:C9H7ClN2O2 MW:210.6171
|
1H-Pyrrolo[3,2-c]pyridine-2-carboxylic acid, 6-chloro-, methyl ester
Catalog No.:AG000AF2 MDL No.:MFCD16627978
MF:C9H7ClN2O2 MW:210.6171
|
11-Tetradecen-1-ol
Catalog No.:AG000AFM MDL No.:
MF:C14H28O MW:212.3715
|
L-Glutamine, N-hexadecyl-
Catalog No.:AG000AFL MDL No.:
MF:C21H42N2O3 MW:370.5698
|
2-Butenoic acid, 3-amino-, 2,2-bis(hydroxymethyl)butyl ester
Catalog No.:AG000AFK MDL No.:
MF:C10H19NO4 MW:217.2622
|
1H-1,2,3-Triazole, 1-(2-ethoxyethyl)-4,5-dihydro-4-(phenylmethyl)-
Catalog No.:AG000AFJ MDL No.:
MF:C13H19N3O MW:233.3095
|
Benzamide, N-hydroxy-2,4,5-trimethyl-
Catalog No.:AG000AFI MDL No.:
MF:C10H13NO2 MW:179.2157
|
5-Isoxazolidinol, 3-methyl-2-phenyl-
Catalog No.:AG000AFH MDL No.:
MF:C10H13NO2 MW:179.2157
|
Methanone, (3-hydroxy-5-methyl-2-isoxazolidinyl)phenyl-
Catalog No.:AG000AFG MDL No.:
MF:C11H13NO3 MW:207.2258
|
Silacyclopropane, 2,3-dimethyl-1,1-bis(2,4,6-trimethylphenyl)-, cis- (9CI)
Catalog No.:AG000AFF MDL No.:
MF:C22H30Si MW:322.5591
|
Disilene, 1,1,2,2-tetrakis[2,4,6-tris(1-methylethyl)phenyl]-
Catalog No.:AG000AFE MDL No.:
MF:C60H92Si2 MW:869.5435
|
3-Oxabicyclo[3.2.0]heptane-2,4-dione, 6-(chloromethyl)-1,5-dimethyl-
Catalog No.:AG000AFD MDL No.:
MF:C9H11ClO3 MW:202.6348
|
Benzene, 1,1'-[chloro(1-methylethoxy)silylene]bis-
Catalog No.:AG000AFC MDL No.:
MF:C15H17ClOSi MW:276.8334
|
2-Heptanol, 7-[[(1,1-dimethylethyl)dimethylsilyl]oxy]-
Catalog No.:AG000AFB MDL No.:
MF:C13H30O2Si MW:246.4616
|
7-Quinolinamine, 2-chloro-N,N-dimethyl-
Catalog No.:AG000AFA MDL No.:
MF:C11H11ClN2 MW:206.6714
|
2,7-Quinolinediamine
Catalog No.:AG000AF9 MDL No.:
MF:C9H9N3 MW:159.1879
|
7-Quinolinamine, 2-chloro-4-methyl-
Catalog No.:AG000AF8 MDL No.:MFCD11501093
MF:C10H9ClN2 MW:192.6449
|
7-Quinolinamine, 4-methyl-
Catalog No.:AG000AF7 MDL No.:MFCD11101020
MF:C10H10N2 MW:158.1998
|
3H-1,2,4-Triazole-3-thione, 4-ethyl-2,4-dihydro-2-methyl-5-phenyl-
Catalog No.:AG000AF6 MDL No.:
MF:C11H13N3S MW:219.3060
|
3H-1,2,4-Triazole-3-thione, 5-(4-fluorophenyl)-1,2-dihydro-
Catalog No.:AG000AGF MDL No.:MFCD02952174
MF:C8H6FN3S MW:195.2167
|
3H-1,2,4-Triazole-3-thione, 5-(4-chlorophenyl)-2-ethyl-2,4-dihydro-4-methyl-
Catalog No.:AG000AGE MDL No.:
MF:C11H12ClN3S MW:253.7511
|
4-Cycloocten-1-one, 4,6-dimethyl-
Catalog No.:AG000AGD MDL No.:
MF:C10H16O MW:152.2334
|
2-Oxetanone, 4-(1,1-dimethylethyl)-3-(phenylthio)-, trans- (9CI)
Catalog No.:AG000AGC MDL No.:
MF:C13H16O2S MW:236.3299
|
Benzenamine, 2-(chloromethyl)-
Catalog No.:AG000AGB MDL No.:
MF:C7H8ClN MW:141.5981
|
2,6a-Methano-1H-cyclopenta[c]-1,2-diazocine (9CI)
Catalog No.:AG000AGA MDL No.:
MF:C10H10N2 MW:158.1998
|
5-Oxazolecarboxylic acid, 2-bromo-4-methyl-
Catalog No.:AG000AFR MDL No.:MFCD16990111
MF:C5H4BrNO3 MW:205.9942
|
Benzene, chlorotrimethyl-
Catalog No.:AG000AG9 MDL No.:
MF:C9H11Cl MW:154.6366
|
1,2,4-Oxadiazole, 5-(1-methylethyl)-3-phenyl-
Catalog No.:AG000AG8 MDL No.:
MF:C11H12N2O MW:188.2258
|
1,2,4-Oxadiazole, 3-(4-methylphenyl)-5-(phenylmethyl)-
Catalog No.:AG000AG7 MDL No.:
MF:C16H14N2O MW:250.2952
|
Oxazolium, 4,5-dihydro-3,4,4-trimethyl-2-nonyl-, iodide (1:1)
Catalog No.:AG000AG6 MDL No.:
MF:C15H30INO MW:367.3093
|
2-Butenoic acid, 4-(5-ethyl-2-thienyl)-4-oxo-
Catalog No.:AG000AG5 MDL No.:
MF:C10H10O3S MW:210.2496
|
Propanoic acid, 3,3,3-trifluoro-2-[(2,2,2-trifluoroacetyl)imino]-, methyl ester
Catalog No.:AG000AG4 MDL No.:MFCD05664152
MF:C6H3F6NO3 MW:251.0833
|
Silane, trimethyl(1,3,3-trichlorobutyl)-
Catalog No.:AG000AG3 MDL No.:
MF:C7H15Cl3Si MW:233.6385
|
Silane, trimethyl(1,3,3,5-tetrachloropentyl)-
Catalog No.:AG000AG2 MDL No.:
MF:C8H16Cl4Si MW:282.1101
|
2,4(1H,3H)-Pyrimidinedione, 5-methyl-1,3-di-2-propen-1-yl-
Catalog No.:AG000AG1 MDL No.:
MF:C11H14N2O2 MW:206.2411
|
2,4(1H,3H)-Pyrimidinedione, 6-methyl-1-(2-propen-1-yl)-
Catalog No.:AG000AG0 MDL No.:MFCD20727939
MF:C8H10N2O2 MW:166.1772
|
Silane, trifluoro(3-methyl-2-buten-1-yl)-
Catalog No.:AG000AFZ MDL No.:
MF:C5H9F3Si MW:154.2057
|
SILANE, (2E)-2-BUTEN-1-YLTRIFLUORO-
Catalog No.:AG000AFY MDL No.:
MF:C4H7F3Si MW:140.1791
|
1-Hepten-4-ol, 5-ethyl-3,3-dimethyl-
Catalog No.:AG000AFX MDL No.:
MF:C11H22O MW:170.2918
|
1-Dodecen-4-ol, 3-methyl-
Catalog No.:AG000AFW MDL No.:
MF:C13H26O MW:198.3449
|
Thiophenium, 1-ethyltetrahydro-, chloride (9CI)
Catalog No.:AG000AFV MDL No.:
MF:C6H13ClS MW:152.6854
|
2H-Thiopyranium, tetrahydro-1-methyl-, chloride (9CI)
Catalog No.:AG000AFU MDL No.:
MF:C6H13ClS MW:152.6854
|
Thiophenium, 1-ethyltetrahydro-, bromide (1:1)
Catalog No.:AG000AFT MDL No.:
MF:C6H13BrS MW:197.1364
|
Thiophenium, tetrahydro-1-(1-methylethyl)-, iodide (1:1)
Catalog No.:AG000AFS MDL No.:
MF:C7H15IS MW:258.1635
|
Phosphonic dichloride, P-(2,4,6-trimethylphenyl)-
Catalog No.:AG000AGQ MDL No.:
MF:C9H11Cl2OP MW:237.0628
|
Phosphonic dichloride, P-[2,4,6-tris(1-methylethyl)phenyl]-
Catalog No.:AG000AGP MDL No.:
MF:C15H23Cl2OP MW:321.2223
|
Silane, [(3,6-dimethyl-2,5-heptadien-1-yl)oxy]trimethyl-
Catalog No.:AG000AGO MDL No.:
MF:C12H24OSi MW:212.4039
|
Benzoic acid, 2,4,6-tris(trifluoromethyl)-, methyl ester
Catalog No.:AG000AGN MDL No.:MFCD28396351
MF:C11H5F9O2 MW:340.1418
|
Benzenethiol, 2,4,6-tris(trifluoromethyl)-
Catalog No.:AG000AGM MDL No.:
MF:C9H3F9S MW:314.1707
|
Phosphonic acid, [(2-methoxyphenyl)(methylthio)methyl]-, diethyl ester (9CI)
Catalog No.:AG000AGL MDL No.:
MF:C13H21O4PS MW:304.3422
|
Carbamic acid, [3-(chlorosilyl)propyl]-, 4-(1-pyrenyl)butyl ester (9CI)
Catalog No.:AG000AGK MDL No.:
MF:C24H26ClNO2Si MW:424.0072
|
2-Pyrimidineethanol
Catalog No.:AG000AGJ MDL No.:MFCD09926219
MF:C6H8N2O MW:124.1405
|
1H-Pyrazino[2,3-c][1,2,6]thiadiazine, 2,2-dioxide
Catalog No.:AG000AGI MDL No.:
MF:C5H4N4O2S MW:184.1759
|
Benzenesulfonamide, N-(2,3-dihydro-2-oxo-4-pyrimidinyl)-4-methyl-
Catalog No.:AG000AGH MDL No.:
MF:C11H11N3O3S MW:265.2883
|
Methanesulfonamide, N-(2,3-dihydro-2-oxo-4-pyrimidinyl)-
Catalog No.:AG000AGG MDL No.:
MF:C5H7N3O3S MW:189.1924
|